IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IJARAH CONTRACT IN RICE FIELD PLOWING SERVICES: A REVIEW OF ISLAMIC LAW AND POSITIVE LAW IN INDONESIA
Keywords:
Ijarah Contract, Rice Field Plowing Services, Wages, Sharia Economic Law.Abstract
This research is motivated by the practice of rice field plowing services in Sarirejo Village, Balen District, Bojonegoro Regency, which are generally carried out based on verbal agreements between landowners and tractor service providers. Although the agreement includes land area, implementation time, and wage amounts, in its implementation there are still delays in work and delays in payment of wages until the harvest period. This condition raises issues regarding the compliance of the contract implementation with the principles of Islamic economic law and the provisions of Indonesian positive law. This study aims to analyze the implementation of ijab qabul in the ijarah contract, the mechanism for implementing rice field plowing services, and the dynamics of wage payments in Sarirejo Village. This study uses an empirical legal research method with a juridical-sociological approach and qualitative methods. Primary data were obtained through interviews with landowners and rice field plowing service providers, while secondary data were obtained through library studies of the Qur'an, Hadith, KHES, the Civil Code, laws and regulations, and relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that the rice field plowing service contract was conducted verbally and fulfilled the elements of agreement as well as the pillars and requirements of the ijarah contract. However, the absence of a written agreement resulted in relatively weak legal certainty and evidentiary aspects. In the implementation of the work, there were delays in the work, mainly influenced by queues and high demand for plowing services during the planting season. Meanwhile, payment of wages that were initially agreed upon after the work was completed was in some cases postponed until the harvest season due to the economic conditions of farmers and community customs. Viewed from Islamic law, this practice does not fully reflect the principles of wafa' bi al-'uqud and ta'jil al-ujrah, while from a positive legal perspective, it has the potential to cause breach of contract if carried out without agreement and fulfilling the elements specified in the law of contract. Thus, the practice of rice field plowing services in Sarirejo Village is socially influenced by the beliefs, customs, and economic conditions of the community, but the implementation of the rights and obligations of the parties still needs to be strengthened through certainty of agreement and communication if there are changes in the implementation of the contract.
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