RISKS OF THE POSITION OF LAND DEED MAKING OFFICIALS IN LAYERED AREAS: COMPARISON OF LAND LAW CONSTRUCTION OF KPBPB BATAM AND THE ISKANDAR REGION OF MALAYSIA
Keywords:
Land Deed Official, management rights, special economic zone, comparative law, legal certainty.Abstract
The designation of a territory as a special economic zone is commonly understood as a facility for investment. This study tests that assumption from a rarely examined angle, namely its consequences for the position of land deed officials. This normative legal research compares the construction of land law in the Batam Free Trade Zone and Free Port with the Iskandar Malaysia region, employing comparative, statutory , and conceptual approaches. The comparison measures each zonal regime's deviation from its parent land law across nine equivalent aspects. The findings show that Iskandar deviates from Johor State law in only two of nine aspects, none of which touches the legal relationship over land. On the other hand, the Batam Free Trade Zone deviates in five of nine aspects, all of which touch the legal relationship over land and its governing institutions. The consequence for the office of Land Deed Official is distinctive: the validity of the deed depends on a management right utilization approval whose issuing standards lie beyond the profession's control. This risk is aggravated by a negative publication system that grants no indefeasibility after registration, unlike the Torrens system which closes that risk. The study concludes that reforming institutional coordination is not merely an ease-of-doing-business agenda but a professional protection agenda, and formulates four mitigation measures achievable without altering the nationality principle in Indonesian land law.
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