LEGAL ANALYSIS OF JUDICIAL ASSESSMENT OF NOTARY'S RESPONSIBILITY IN AUTHENTIC DEED DISPUTES IN CRIMINAL COURTS (RESEARCH STUDY OF DECISION NUMBER 1/PID.B/2026/PN.JTH)
Keywords:
Authentic Deed, Criminal Proceedings, Judicial Assessment, Notary's LiabilityAbstract
A notary is a public official authorized by the state to create authentic deeds as evidence with absolute probative force. In practice, authentic deeds serve not only as evidence in civil cases but can also be used as evidence in criminal cases if there is a suspected criminal act related to their creation. This situation places the notary at risk of criminal liability, necessitating a judicial assessment by a judge to determine whether or not the notary was involved based on the trial facts, evidence, and applicable legal provisions. This research examines three problem formulations, namely regarding legal regulations regarding judicial assessment of notary responsibility in authentic deed disputes in criminal courts, how to implement judicial assessment of notary responsibility in authentic deed disputes in criminal courts, and what are the obstacles and solutions to judicial assessment of notary responsibility in authentic deed disputes in criminal courts. This study uses a normative-empirical legal research method with a statutory, conceptual, case study, historical, and comparative approach. The data used consists of primary data obtained through interviews and secondary data obtained through literature review of laws and regulations, court decisions, books, and scientific journals. The results of the study indicate that the legal regulations regarding the judicial assessment of notary liability in disputes over authentic deeds in criminal courts are the application of various interrelated legal provisions, including the UUJN, the Criminal Code, the Civil Code, and the UUKK. The implementation of judicial assessment in Decision Number 1/Pid.B/2026/PN.JTH shows that judges assess the notary's criminal liability based on the overall facts of the trial, evidence, and the fulfillment of the elements of the crime, so that criminal liability is not based solely on the notary's position or the existence of an authentic deed. The obstacles found are mainly related to the complexity of proof involving aspects of criminal law and notarial law. Therefore, it is necessary to improve regulations related to the position of notary and the enforcement of criminal law, as well as the development of academic studies on notary criminal liability to support the creation of legal certainty, justice, and legal benefits.
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