JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF LEGAL PROTECTION FOR SHAREHOLDERS DUE TO THE CANCELLATION OF A NOTARIAL DEED BY A COURT DECISION (CASE STUDY OF CASSATION DECISION 4605 K/PDT/2025
Keywords:
Deed Cancellation, Unlawful Act, EGMS, Legal Protection, Cassation Decision.Abstract
The unilateral dismissal of corporate organs through an Extraordinary General Meeting of Shareholders (EGMS) potentially triggers corporate disputes and the degradation of the legality of a Notarial deed. This dispute raises complex juridical problems, especially when a Notarial deed is canceled by a cassation-level court decision that has obtained permanent legal force (inkracht), thereby dragging the Notary's office into the vortex of share ownership conflicts. This research aims to analyze the legal standing of the parties regarding the cancellation of the Notarial Deed, classify the juridical reasons for the deed's cancellation from the aspect of Unlawful Acts (Onrechtmatige Daad) and procedural violations, and examine the mechanism for restoring the administrative rights of the parties post-court decision. This research utilizes a normative-empirical legal research method. Data were obtained through library research and focused on the analysis of primary data in the form of Supreme Court Decision Number 4605 K/Pdt/2025, minutes of meeting documents, as well as the results of in-depth interviews with the Notary who formulated the deed and the disputing parties. The research results indicate that the dispute arose due to the disregard of the subjective rights of minority shareholders, where the dismissal from the position of Commissioner was carried out without stating specific reasons and without the right to self-defense. The Supreme Court classified the Directors' actions as an Unlawful Act because it violated imperative provisions, thus resulting in the EGMS Minutes Deed being declared null and void by law. The Notary was not subjected to material compensation sanctions but bears a passive obligation to adjust the records on the minuta (minute) of the deed. In conclusion, repressive legal protection for the injured party is achieved through the cancellation of the deed by the judiciary, but the protection of administrative rights is still hindered by execution desynchronization, thus requiring a manual data update application to the Legal Entity Administration System (SABH) to realize the restoration to the original state (restitutio in integrum).
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