JURIDICAL ANALYSIS OF THE ROLE OF NOTARIES IN PREVENTING THE MISUSE OF NOMINEE AGREEMENTS BETWEEN FOREIGN NATIONALS AND INDONESIAN CITIZENS (A Study of Decision No. 129/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Btm)
Keywords:
Notary, Lending Agreement, Nominee Agreement, Foreign Nationals, Legal Certainty, Land Law.Abstract
Nominee agreements between foreign nationals (WNA) and Indonesian citizens (WNI) continue to be used as a means of controlling land ownership rights (Hak Milik) that, under the Basic Agrarian Law, may be held only by Indonesian citizens. This practice may constitute legal evasion, creating legal uncertainty and conflicting with the nationality principle. In these circumstances, notaries play an important role as public officials authorized to draw up authentic deeds and obliged to apply the prudential principle to prevent legal acts that contravene laws and regulations. This study examines the role of notaries in preventing the misuse of nominee agreements with reference to Decision No. 129/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Btm. The research addresses the legal framework governing the role of notaries in preventing the misuse of nominee agreements between foreign nationals and Indonesian citizens, the implementation of that role in notarial practice, and the obstacles and solutions associated with its implementation.
This study employs normative legal research using statutory, conceptual, case-based, and notarial practice-oriented approaches. Data were obtained through library research supported by interviews and were subsequently analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive-analytical method based on laws and regulations, legal doctrine, and Decision No. 129/Pdt.G/2021/PN.Btm. The findings indicate that the preventive role of notaries has a legal basis in the Law on Notarial Office, the Basic Agrarian Law, and the Indonesian Civil Code, although no specific provisions govern nominee agreements. Notaries implement this role by applying the prudential principle, checking the identities of the parties, verifying documents, and providing legal advice. The obstacles include the limited authority of notaries to uncover the parties' legal relationships and the absence of explicit provisions on nominee agreements. Strengthening regulations, improving the professionalism and supervision of notaries, and increasing public legal awareness are therefore necessary to prevent the misuse of nominee agreements.
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